Infertility is not being able to get pregnant after having regular sexual intercourse without birth control for at least 1 year (or 6 months if the woman is 35 or older).
Infertility can be caused by problems in a man's or a woman's reproductive system. Problems in the woman's body are responsible for about half of the cases of infertility.
A woman may be infertile because her ovaries are not releasing eggs or the ovaries may have trouble releasing healthy eggs. This is more likely to be a problem when a woman is over age 35.
An abnormal or damaged fallopian tube or uterus can be another cause of infertility. When an egg is released, it must pass through a fallopian tube to the uterus. A man's sperm must join with (fertilize) the egg along the way. The fertilized egg must then attach to the inside of the uterus.
A woman may have trouble getting pregnant because of a problem with her partner's sperm. In rare cases, a woman's body is allergic to sperm and destroys it. Often the cause of infertility cannot be found.
There are many cases of infertility seen among women in Kashmir and has forced thousands to go for assisted reproduction. Increased age of marriage, changing lifestyle, deficiency of vital nutrition and other reasons have helped in the growth rate of infertility among women during the last decade.
A study in 2007 showed that the primary infertility in Kashmir is about to 15% but the statistics were not updated from a long time, gynecologists believe that the rate of primary fertility confronting a large number of women in what is called the 'reproductive ages' has dramatically increased.
The percentage of women affected with Poly-Cystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) in Kashmir is increasing day by day a survey showed that more than 29% of adolescent girls are having early signs of PCOS, making their chances of a smooth reproduction really bleak.
Doctors believe that the best reproductive years in a woman's life are between the ages of 18 to 28 years. Although in Kashmir, late marriages have become a trend because of many socio-economic reasons. It is because of delayed marriages in late 20s and 30s that takes women in the uncertain arena of infertility.
With age the quality of eggs produced by women also get affected. The quality among women over 30 won't be as good as those produced by women in their 20's. So with advanced age the chances of conceiving decrease proportionately.
Many scientific studies have found a strong relation between Vitamin D deficiency and PCOS. Similarly the link between physical inactivity, high calorie-low fibre diet has long been established. Many experts feel that the role of cultural mores that restrict the mobility and physical activity of girls and its link with PCOS has not been explored fully.
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